25 Jun 2019
The US government recently confirmed its long-standing policy that Form I-20s may only be released directly to the applying student.
美国政府最近证实了其长期政策，即I-20表格可能只能直接发给申请学生
One implication of this is that the I-20 may not be sent to an education agent acting on the student’s behalf
这意味着I-20可能不会被发送给代表学生的教育机构
US immigration officials say that this policy is in place for reasons of privacy, security, and fraud prevention.
美国移民官员表示，出于隐私，安全和防欺诈的原因，该政策已经到位。
US Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) released a policy statement on 4 June 2019 to clarify that US institutions may only issue Form I-20s directly to students, or, in the case of minors, to the student’s parent or guardian. More to the point, ICE cautions that I-20s cannot be sent to recruiters – that is, to education agents.
美国移民和海关执法局（ICE）于2019年6月4日发布了一份政策声明，阐明美国机构只能直接向学生发放I-20表格，如果是未成年人，则只发给学生的父母或监护人。更重要的是，ICE警告说，I-20不能发送给招聘人员 - 也就是教育机构。
The Form I-20 is issued by the admitting institution or school in the US, and must be presented by the international student when he/she applies for a US study visa. Without the I-20, in other words, the student cannot obtain a visa.
I-20表格由美国的录取机构或学校签发，并且必须由国际学生在申请美国学习签证时出示。换言之，没有I-20，学生就无法获得签证。
As reported by ICE, the 4 June guidance statement arises from recent questions as to “whether recruiters may receive the Form I-20 directly from a school’s designated school official (DSO) and control the distribution to the prospective student.” ICE’s position on this is clear, and the 4 June statement is apparently meant to reinforce long-standing US government policy in this regard. The department points out that the practice of sending I-20s directly to the student is consistently reflected in the manuals, fact sheets, and other information resources it has produced in support of the US Student and Exchange Visitor Program (SEVP).
据ICE报道，6月4日的指导声明产生于最近的问题，即“招聘人员是否可以直接从学校的指定学校官员（DSO）收到I-20表格，并控制向未来学生的分配。”ICE对此的立场。很清楚，6月4日的声明显然是为了加强美国政府在这方面的长期政策。该部门指出，将I-20直接发送给学生的做法始终反映在为支持美国学生和交流访问者计划（SEVP）而制作的手册，情况说明书和其他信息资源中。
“These resources,” notes the ICE statement, “state that recruiters cannot be given Forms I-20.” citing one background note for students that says, “A recruiter has no proper role in handling your Form I-20. A recruiter does not issue a Form I-20, nor should the recruiter hold onto your Form I-20 for any reason.”
“这些资料，”ICE声明指出，“声称招聘人员不能获得I-20表格。”一位学生的背景说明中写道：“招聘人员在处理I-20表格时没有适当的作用。招聘人员不会签发I-20表格，招聘人员也不得因任何原因持有I-20表格。“
On that point, US immigration authorities say that the policy is in place for reasons of privacy, security, and fraud prevention. The statement notes in particular that SEVP officials are “aware of instances where recruiters, having obtained a student’s Form I-20, subsequently demanded additional payments before providing it back to the student in advance of a meeting with the consulate for a visa or traveling to the United States.” There is no additional detail provided for this claim, however, nor any indication as to how widespread ICE believes any such issues may be.
在这一点上，美国移民局表示，出于隐私，安全和防欺诈的原因，该政策已经到位。该声明特别指出，SEVP官员“意识到招聘人员在获得学生I-20表后，随后要求额外付款，然后在与领事馆会面前将其提交给学生签证或前往美国。“但是，没有为此声明提供额外的细节，也没有任何迹象表明ICE认为任何此类问题的普遍程度。
Visa processing in the US remains an area of significant concern for international students aspiring to study in the United States, as well as for the American institutions and schools that aim to host them. A recent survey of US colleges found that concerns around visa delays or denials topped the list of factors that, in the eyes of educators, had the greatest influence on the attractiveness of the US as a study destination.
美国的签证处理仍然是渴望在美国学习的国际学生以及旨在接待他们的美国院校和学校的重要关注领域。美国大学最近的一项调查发现，对签证延迟或拒绝的担忧超过了一系列因素，在教育工作者看来，这些因素对美国作为研究目的地的吸引力影响最大
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